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Sisters in the Brotherhoods is an oral-history-based study of women who have, against considerable odds, broken the gender barrier to blue-collar employment in various trades in New York City beginning in the 1970s. It is a story of the fight against deeply ingrained cultural assumptions about what constitutes women's work, the middle-class bias of feminism, the daily grinding sexism of male co-workers, and the institutionalised discrimination of employers and unions. It is also the story of some gutsy women who, seeking the material rewards and personal satisfactions of skilled manual labour, have struggled to make a place for themselves among New York City's construction workers, stationary engineers, firefighters, electronic technicians, plumbers, and transit workers. Each story contributes to an important unifying theme: the way women confronted the enormous sexism embedded in union culture and developed new organisational forms to support their struggles, including and especially the United Tradeswomen.
- Sales Rank: #2101542 in eBooks
- Published on: 2008-08-04
- Released on: 2008-08-04
- Format: Kindle eBook
Review
"Sisters in the Brotherhoods is one of the most exciting books that I've read in years. It is nothing less than a history of the late twentieth century movement of women into non-traditional jobs as recalled by and through the voices of the women who opened the doors. Jane Latour seamlessly melds the aspirations, experiences, doubts and achievements of the courageous women who earned their livings in trades reserved for men into a persuasive analysis of generational change. Every young woman should read this resonant and moving book." - Alice Kessler-Harris, author of In Pursuit of Equity: Women, Men, and the Quest for Economic Citizenship in Twentieth Century America "Jane LaTour's book Sisters in the Brotherhoods: Working Women Organizing for Equality in New York City is a great reminder that when we have equal opportunities in every line of work we thrive. When women change the way work is done, they make lasting change in the culture of the workplace." - Billie Jean King "Jane LaTour tells the history of the tradeswomen movement by focusing on events in New York City. She captures the real lives of tradeswomen through stories that are poignant, raw, and uplifting. It brought back to me the frustration of trying to engage the Women's Movement in seeing tradeswomen as more than role models for our daughters. In our sex-segregated economy tradeswomen are on the front line in the battle for economic justice." - Dale McCormick, the first woman to complete the carpentry apprenticeship with the International Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners, Local 1260 in Iowa City, in 1975
"In Sisters in the Brotherhoods, Jane LaTour draws on extensive interviews and oral histories with women who broke into the building trades in New York City over the last several decades. The interviews are enormously rich sources, filled with stunning stories of male resistance, abuse, and hostility toward the integration of women and equally stirring tales of women's determination to survive this treatment. Even as they were subjected to various hair-raising and harrowing forms of harassment and intimidation, the women whose oral histories form the heart of this compelling and moving book sought to challenge and reform the system. Reform could be incredibly hard and scary work; it took one woman fourteen years to find the courage to speak at her own local. But they did speak out and by their individual and collective efforts, they organized women and sympathetic men and empowered them to fight for their rights. Sisters in the Brotherhoods illuminates an aspect of women's and labor history that has been understudied and overlooked. In the women's challenge to existing union arrangements and their own deployment of labor movement principles and practices to achieve their ends lies a fundamental contradiction of post-World War II labor history. Jane LaTour's book compels a reassessment and revision of the view of post-World War II unions as inimical to working women's interests and as vehicles for conservatism rather than progressive change." - Nancy Gabin, Department of History, Purdue University "Sisters in the Brotherhoods profiles the indomitable women who fought their way into some of the best-defended male monopolies in the U.S. labor force: the skilled trades of New York City. Jane Latour's engaging oral histories reveal the diverse routes women traveled to claim these jobs, the alliances that sustained them, and the strategies they developed to master their crafts in the face of employer hostility, co-worker harassment, union corruption, and a government that all but abandoned them in the 1980s. Tradeswomen, feminists, labor and civil rights activists, historians, and social scientists will all find wisdom and inspiration in these pages."
- Nancy MacLean, author of Freedom Is Not Enough: The Opening of the American Workplace and The American Women's Movement, 1945-2000: A Brief History with Documents "LaTour rips aside the bromides of superficial victories to explore the punishing ordeals of female pioneers in male dominated industries . . . What makes the interviews so compelling is the author's own on-the-job experience in a series of blue collar occupations and academic positions. The camaraderie makes her questions harder in substance by more sensitive in the asking." - Scott Molloy, Ph.D., Schmidt Labor Research Center, University of Rhode Island "This is a bitter tale of courage, told for the first time. In the words of the women themselves, we hear the gut-wrenching experiences of pioneers who toughed their way into apprenticeships and on to strenuous blue-collar jobs that civil rights laws in the 1970s were designed to open to them. These women, mostly without allies, learned a cruel lesson: you could fight to cling to the job that would support a family, but you could not at the same time fight the hostility of the shop steward, the connivance of the union with the contractor. Women on the job, they learned, were viewed as an affront to the masculinity of their fellows: supporting a family was men's work. They have told their colleague Jane LaTour, often reluctantly, the details of their daily struggle. What we see about us today underlines the painful truth of this book: unions built by fathers and sons would make no space for mothers and daughters. This is an important part of a lost history." - Betsy Wade, former president, Local 3, The Newspaper Guild of New York; named plaintiff, Boylan v. New York Times, 74 CIV. 4891
About the Author
JANE LATOUR is a journalist and labour activist living in New York City, USA. She has written for various union publications and managed the Women's Project of the Association for Union Democracy. She was the 2005 recipient of the Mary Heaton Vorse Award, the top labour journalism award in New York City.
Most helpful customer reviews
0 of 0 people found the following review helpful.
Trade Barriers
By P. Arnow
It's not a woman's slight body that keeps her out of physically demanding trades. My father-in-law weighed barely more than 100 pounds. Yet he faced no barriers to becoming a plumber, a job he did for 45 years. He could do the physical labor. "Work smart," he said. "Don't work hard."
But he had one advantage that women don't have. He was a man in a man's field. In the 1970s, the assumption that no woman belonged in the trades began to change--a little. Encouraged by anti-discrimination laws and a growing awareness that it was prejudice, not lack of brawn, that kept them from some high-paying blue-collar jobs, some women shouldered their way into male-only professions. Some training programs specifically for women opened doors.
In Sisters in the Brotherhoods, labor writer Jane LaTour traces the personal and political history of New York City's pioneer firefighters, electricians, plumbers, and mechanics. Some of the women were feminists who wanted to break down barriers to high-paying jobs. Others were women from blue-collar families who saw the trades as a way to make a better living than they could as cleaners or clerks or waitresses.
Yvone Maitin, who grew up in the projects, supported herself at a clerical job for the Board of Education for 11 years making $11,000 (in the early `80s). After training in a special program for women in building maintenance and repairs, she landed a job in a previously all-male profession starting at $16,000.
Who wouldn't do that? Well, most women, because the stamina and fortitude it took to withstand harassment and ridicule. Many of the women in their oral histories describe years of physical and mental torment. For instance, one electrician tells how she'd leave to get material, and her partner would urinate on her work area. That was one of her minor complaints. Women were often shunted into the most inconvenient, demeaning, dirty jobs antagonistic supervisors could find. They were often shunned by coworkers.
Some found mentors. Others worked their way doggedly into acceptance. An electrician describes a baby shower thrown for her by her male coworkers in 2006. However, many women continued to endure hostility in the trades.
They struggled over whether to file grievances or bring lawsuits. Those actions could make their bad situation even worse. But many describe lengthy legal fights that they decided to carry out because they needed to work and wouldn't give up.
Some unions were more welcoming than others. When Brenda Berkman (pictured on the book cover) and other female New York City firefighters were honored a couple of years ago, a Uniformed Firefighters Association leader spoke. He admitted the early lack of support of women in the ranks. That has changed, he said, congratulating the women. However, women (and minorities) remain a tiny percentage of the fire department. In 2007, there were just 31 female firefighters in the city (out of 11,621).
Most other traditionally male blue-collar work also remains almost as male-dominated as it was when these women pried open the doors of opportunity. Look at the Labor Day parade today, and it's almost all men marching behind the banners of the trade unions.
Some things changed in the last part of the 20th century. Today it is unsurprising to see female bus drivers, subway conductors, police officers and corrections officers (which are professions not covered in the book--perhaps because in the time periods covered, women were already becoming well represented in these jobs).
Should women aspire to enter the male-dominated trades today? Reading the stories of the women who faced discrimination and endured, it would seem a sorry shame to let the doors they cracked open creak shut behind them. Their heroics are in danger of becoming a historical detail rather than a brave opening for women of the 21st century.
0 of 0 people found the following review helpful.
A must read for those seeking a history of the struggles women have over come recently in male dominated fields.
By Christopher A. Watson
I found Ms. Latour's book quite a fascinating read. She certainly did her home work on the women she profiled so eloquently. Their struggles to gain entry into the professions, that still today is male dominated, showcased the determination women posses and the cruelty men sometimes inflict with their chauvinistic ways. The strength of the women and their struggles throughout the years, fighting for acceptance, highlights how far behind we are today in America in embracing women as equals in the workplace.
While I thoroughly enjoyed ever chapter in this ground breaking novel, I am most expectant of the author to continue where her book left off. I would like to see her write more stories of women in today's work place and the impact this will have on our country. A response to the erosion of tradition jobs women occupied and the emergence of a growing IT industry, infrastructure re-development and green jobs, and the role women are playing in these vital industries will make a fascinating read, if Ms. Latour is to continue her prose.
2 of 2 people found the following review helpful.
Rosie's Daughters
By Robert Fitch
Nowadays, to find a woman CEO leading a Fortune 500 company is no longer a novelty. The most recent list has a dozen, including the bosses of Pepsi, ADM, Kraft, Xerox and Wellpoint. A couple of years ago, a woman was elected Speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives. And perhaps, if she'd she taken her underdog rival more seriously, a woman would now be the Democratic Party's nominee for the Presidency.
But some barriers - seemingly a lot lower and less elite -- remain formidable. Anyone who reads Jane LaTour's revelatory Sisters in the Brotherhoods, will come to understand why it's not unlikely that Pakistan, a conservative Muslim country, will have another woman president before a woman is ever elected president of a national blue collar construction union in the U.S.A.
LaTour, a former Teamster herself, as well as a union democracy activist and award winning labor journalist, has produced the most illuminating history yet written of America's most embattled and undeservedly obscure civil rights movement.
Beginning in the late 70's, there began a dramatic, sometimes violent battle by ordinary women to vault over the parapets of blue-collar male privilege. But why are most of us just learning of these battles? Even on the Left, the claims of far smaller groups - think of the transsexual and the transgendered -- are more often invoked than the rights of blue-collar women to pursue a vocation in the trades without risking humiliation, beatings or social isolation.
True, not all of Sisters is unfamiliar territory. Some was explored in the 2005 film North Country (working title "Class Action"). It starred Charlize Theron in the fictionalized story of Lois Jenson who battled against sexual harassment and union indifference in the mines of Minnesota. Eventually, Theron/ Jensen prevailed after decades of legal struggle.
LaTour's stories in Sisters are altogether darker, richer and more diverse. Hollywood's working class heroines are stunningly beautiful individuals whose struggle - generally pursued through the courts -- elevates and isolates them from other women. They triumph because of their greater endowment of character and charisma - and beauty contest looks. Think of Erin Brockovich, the ex-model and unemployed single mom without a B.A. who almost single-handedly takes on and defeats PG&E.
In the beautifully crafted stories of Sisters, there actually are some tradeswomen who have movie star looks. Most don't. There are white graduates of elite colleges and black welfare moms; some strive to be good Marxists others just want to be crackerjack plumbers; there are lesbians and heterosexuals; inspirations range from those who dreamed as little girls of a career in the trades to those who simply liked the prospect of making three times the median wage.
LaTour follows a dozen women who got past the trade union barriers - past apprenticeship programs that favor relatives and co-ethnics; who got by -- at least temporarily --hiring hall favoritism; and on the job harassment --- to become journey plumbers, iron workers, electricians, carpenters.firefighters, telephone technicians, truckers and electronic technicians..Sisters is about women who adopted - after the main cycle of 60's and 70's radicalism had passed -- social movement building as their survival strategy. It's about the difficulties of trying to fight the institution you want to be part of. About how to build a social movement without any real resources or sources of outside support. And about the way a big swath of American labor unionism has adopted solidarity for the few, the white and the male.
All this, Sisters shows, helps to explain why compared to middle class and professional women, blue collar women have had a much harder time making their way. Like the troops who landed on the Omaha Beach, despite their bravery and capacity for organization, they've had a hard time getting off the beach, Thirty years ago, women were radically underrepresented in the trades - only 2%. Since then, there's been some progress, but they still haven't hit 3%.
But does it even matter that there are huge and even brutal obstacles to women becoming plumbers, operating engineers, or working on high iron? Why can't these women just stay in their job segregated ghettos - working in traditional women's fields of health, education and welfare? Or go to law school if they're serious about making money?
Reading the stories in Sisters, you're able to appreciate why - beyond the abstract questions of rights and justice - because the tone of the stories isn't what you'd expect. The women have suffered a great deal, but this is no festival of resentment. Those who've survived have the same pride in their craft that men do. Rather than simply rehearsing their humiliations; we hear expressions of gratitude - like the woman who paid tribute to the guy who watched her back when threatened by a knife wielding "brother." What finally persuades is the common decency and deservedness of the women pursuing these difficult vocations.
H
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